What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine it, treatment methods

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires special treatment.Therefore, it is important to know how it occurs and what signs accompany it.You can learn all the features of the disease from this article.As well as diagnostic and treatment methods.

Calculous prostatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in which conglomerates with a dense structure are formed.In other words, these stones are located in the prostate.They consist of elements that enter the male body.They are produced in the secretion of the prostate against the background of chronic prostatitis and pathological disorders.

Reasons

The causes of calculous prostatitis can be:

1. Infection of the urogenital system.These can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis and so on.In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, a blockage is observed in the channels of the prostate gland, against the background of which the discharge acquires a thick and viscous structure.Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatoliths contribute to the increase of inflammatory processes, which causes the formation of congestion in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of an adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the effect of unhealthy foods, abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking.But most often, the reason lies in the lack of regular sex life, since in this case the glands cannot empty the stones normally, and therefore stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux.With this disease, a small amount of urine enters the prostate during urination.As urine accumulates, crystalline salts are released, which over time enlarge and thicken and become stones.Urethro-prostatic reflux develops due to injuries of the urethra, with prostatic atony, prostate resection, etc.
4. Damage to the blood circulation of the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to observe personal hygiene causes infection, which leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Old age.This is due to the fact that a kind of phosphoric acid and lime layer is formed on the condensed epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The stone formations are yellowish in color and spherical in shape.The minimum size of prostatoliths is 0.25 cm, the maximum is 0.4.They are formed singly or in multiples and are predominantly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate stones or urate stones.

Symptoms

The following signs indicate the presence of a prostate gland:

• dull and aching pain in the perineum, groin, coccyx, scrotum;
• increased pain after physical activity, defecation, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• sharp pain during urination;
• jet lag;
• frequent urge when urine is retained;
• blood cells in the urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the acini or ducts of the prostate.Catarrhal-type symptoms are mild, the symptoms are reminiscent of a cold.If you consult a urologist in time and start the appropriate treatment, you can get rid of the disease in a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In a secondary form, prostatoliths enter the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis.The follicular type can develop after the untreated catarrhal type.The manifestations are acute, increased body temperature and mucous membrane, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.In the tertiary form, the prostate parenchyma is affected, so it is called parenchymal (diffuse).This is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute.Purulent exudate forms in the inflamed area.The treatment process is long and tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What are the complications of untreated prostatitis:

• abscesses in the prostate due to the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• poisoning of the body with purulent formations and the further development of sepsis, which leads to death;
• atrophy of the prostate and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, characterized by dilation of the blood vessels of the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To prevent such consequences, when you notice the first signs, you need to go to the clinic and undergo a comprehensive examination.

How to alleviate the attack at home?

It is perfectly clear to any sane person that an ambulance should be called during an attack.But before you arrive, you can take regular pain relievers.If you have propolis-based rectal suppositories in your home medicine cabinet, follow the appropriate procedure.Pain reliever and laxative tablets.

Which doctor treats you?

A urologist (or andrologist) treats any form of prostatitis.Other highly specialized doctors are also involved in the diagnosis process and the selection of treatment tactics - a nephrologist, an infectious disease specialist and others, depending on the cause of the formation of stones.

Diagnostics

During the initial visit to the urology clinic, the doctor performs a palpation and visual examination, and then collects an anamnesis.Lifestyle, the presence of certain diseases, and the nature of the symptoms must be taken into account.The following diagnostics are performed:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of seminal fluid (in the calculous type of prostatitis, the sperm is characterized by an increased amount of epithelial tissue and amyloid bodies);
• A spermogram enables the study of sperm motility and number;
• prostate x-ray;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate;
• computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

It is mandatory to take blood for PSA, which enables the identification of a specific prostate antigen (a type of tumor marker of the prostate gland).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the choice of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the form of its development, its cause and the presence of complications.

Drug treatment

1. Fluoroquinolone group to destroy pathogenic microbes that most often cause prostatitis.These are antibiotics that easily cope with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. The tetracycline group of antibiotics.However, tetracyclines have many side effects, so they are prescribed less often than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are used intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient must take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows removal of stones and cauterization of vessels.For this, a high-frequency electric current and a resectoscope are used, which is introduced through the lumen of the urethra.The operation is painless, but there is a possibility that particles of prostatoliths remain.
2. Ultrasound-guided transurethral surgery.Unlike the previous method.Thanks to enhanced ultrasound tracking, all stone formations are removed.
3. Strip prostatectomy (stones are removed by cutting) and endoscopic (with the help of an endoscope inserted into the prostate).Along with advanced stones, the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles are resected.
4. During lithotripsy, a laser is used to break up the stones and then naturally remove them.An endoscope is used for this.

Physiotherapy

• contact with ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, removes pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate and relieves discomfort;
• magnetic therapy restores blood circulation and neutralizes swelling.

The massage normalizes the patency of the channels, accelerates the blood supply, which can be considered effective in the case of prostatitis, but is strictly prohibited in the case of calculus.This is because prostatoliths can move throughout the body.

If you cannot attend physiotherapy procedures, you can perform them at home with special equipment.But remember that physiotherapy is effective only during remission - when prostatitis is in an acute stage, the use of tools is prohibited.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis must follow a special diet developed by a nutritionist on an individual level, depending on the severity of the pathology.

Dietary nutrition is based on avoiding alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods.It is undesirable to use broth based on fatty meat, fish and mushrooms.You should exclude horseradish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions from vegetables.And other products that lead to gas formation.

Therapeutic practice

It is always used in prostatitis, but in calculus form the exercise should be light to prevent the stones from moving.Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum.To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand up to the chair and place your hands on the back.Take one leg to the side, raise it as high as possible.Lower the limb.The same actions are performed with the other leg.Number of approaches – 8-10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean on it.Raise your legs one at a time to your stomach, bending at the knees.
3. With your feet shoulder-width apart, squat down and hold the position for a few seconds.Up.While performing the exercise, try to make springy movements in the squatting position.Repeat up to 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat 25-30 raw pumpkin seeds every day, always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction.You'll need equal parts bare ostudniks and black initials.Separately 1 tbsp.l.herbs, pour 0.5 liters of "steep" boiling water, let it boil.Take 100 mg three times a day half an hour before meals.
3. Cook rosehip root according to the recipe on the pharmacy packaging.Drink as a tea three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tablespoons into a glass of boiling water.l.parsley seeds and simmer over low heat for 10-15 minutes.Let it stand for an hour.Drink one tablespoon up to 6 times a day.
5. Drink 600-1000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - carrot, beet, cucumber.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, initially, conservative therapy is used, the results of which are generally favorable.In advanced forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgical intervention is used.In this case too, the prognosis is favorable.But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period in order to prevent infection and other complications.

Preventive measures

In order to prevent the development of calculus-type prostatitis and to prevent relapse, follow the simple rules:

• elimination of bad habits;
• seek medical attention immediately in case of any pathological abnormality;
• strictly follow the urologist's instructions;
• don't get too cold;
• use a condom to avoid infection;
• Have an active sex life with a partner.